Set a large pot with at least 4 quarts of water on the stove top on high. When boiling, add at least 1½ tablespoons of salt.
When the water returns to a boil, cook the pasta according to directions until al dente. Reserve a cup of pasta water and drain the pasta.
1 pound cavatappi or other short pasta
Return the pot to the stove top and add the olive oil over medium-low heat.
1 tablespoon olive oil
When the olive oil is hot, add the minced garlic and red pepper flakes and cook for one minute.
3 cloves garlic, minced, ⅛ teaspoon red pepper flakes
Add the lemon zest, ¼ cup of lemon juice, 1 cup of the ricotta, the ½ cup of grated Parmesan, and the chopped herbs and stir until smooth. Add the pasta back to the pot and stir to coat. Remove from heat.
1 tablespoon lemon zest, ½ cup lemon juice, 1½ cup ricotta cheese, ½ cup (2 ounces) grated Parmesan, ½ cup chopped parsley or basil or combination of both
Taste and add some of the remaining lemon juice if you would like it more lemony. On the other hand, if it is too lemony for your taste, add some of the remaining ricotta for balance.
Add some of the reserved pasta water as desired to thin the sauce.
Serve immediately, topped with freshly ground black pepper and with additional Parmesan.
salt and pepper to taste